IMAP is a protocol used for synchronized management of electronic mail, supporting multi-device access and email status synchronization, widely used in modern mail services.
MAPI is a mail interface developed by Microsoft that supports email, calendar, and contact management. Once widely used in Windows platform mail systems, it is gradually being replaced by modern APIs but still plays a role in enterprise scenarios.
MIME is the foundational standard for transmitting non-text content in emails, supporting multilingual, multimedia, and structured messages, widely used in modern communications.